Dr. Jiwu Chen

During revision ACL reconstruction, graft choice is influenced by the tissue used in the first operation, the previous bone tunnels, and the overall condition of the knee. For patients who have already used their own hamstring tendon, the quadriceps tendon or a quadriceps tendon-bone graft may be one autograft option.

When an ACL graft tears again after reconstruction, the femoral and tibial bone tunnels from the first operation can affect where and how a new graft is placed and fixed. Three-dimensional CT helps evaluate tunnel position, size, and bone loss before revision surgery.

Revision ACL reconstruction may be performed in one stage or two. The choice depends on the position and widening of the previous bone tunnels, bone loss, knee stability, and other risk factors for another failure, with three-dimensional CT playing a central role in preoperative planning.

An ACL graft retear requires a systematic assessment of the cause of failure, previous bone tunnels, graft, knee stability, menisci, cartilage, and lower-limb alignment before choosing one-stage or two-stage revision reconstruction and planning the graft and rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty must balance wound care, implant protection, recovery of motion, and progressive deltoid and periscapular training. This illustrated guide explains common exercises and safety precautions from the first postoperative week through week 12 and beyond.

Both remnant-preserving single-bundle and double-bundle ACL reconstruction can improve knee function. Everyday recovery is broadly similar; double-bundle reconstruction may offer an advantage in rotational stability and return to high-intensity sport.

Hip instability is diagnosed by combining history, physical examination, and imaging; treatment depends on the cause, severity, and structural findings.

Recurrent groin or deep hip pain without a clear explanation may warrant assessment for hip instability.

Black phosphorus nanomaterials show preclinical potential to support bone mineralization, improve the repair microenvironment, protect cartilage, and help address implant-related infection.

A practical guide to common ACL injury symptoms, including a popping sensation, rapid swelling, knee instability, and why MRI is often needed.

An ACL tear does not automatically mean surgery is required. Treatment depends on knee stability, activity goals, associated injuries, and commitment to rehabilitation.

ACL reconstruction should not be rushed while the knee is swollen and stiff, but delaying too long may increase the risk of meniscus and cartilage injury.

ACL reconstruction uses a graft to create a new stabilizing ligament. Autograft, allograft, and synthetic ligaments each have different roles, and the best choice depends on age, sport goals, work demands, and knee condition.

Recovery after ACL reconstruction depends on more than time. Walking, running, and return to sport should be guided by range of motion, strength, swelling, balance, movement control, and confidence.